Planetary napping-machine.



D. GESSNER.

PLANETARY NAPPING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30,1914.

Patent ed J une 19, 1917.

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Patented Jun 19, 1917.

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APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30' 1914.

VII/711155855 Q a f f D.GESSNER PLANETARY NAPPING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30. I914.

1 ,230, 828. Patented June 19, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- 0. GESSNER. PLANETARY NAPPING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30| 1914.

' 1,230,828. Patented June 19, 1917.

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unrrnn snares PATENT DAVID GESSNEB OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

LfLANETARY NA?PINGMACH INE.

Be it known that 1, DAVID Gnssnnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVorcester, in the county of \Vorcester and State of l\lassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planetary Napping-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in planetary napping machines of the type in which the napping drums have a solid shaft carrying near its ends circular heads, with peripheral bearings, in which re vo-lve the journals of one or two series of napping rollers which are covered withwire points to engage the surface ofthe cloth, in

order to raise its fibers until they form a nap. Such machines are usually built to handle either one string or strip of wide goods, or two strings or strips of narrow goods running side by side. The individual napping rolls are necessarily of small diameter. The more napping rollers are included in the drum, the larger becomes the diameter,

of the latter, and the farther out from the axis of rotation of the drum will the rolls have to be placed. This increase in the diameter of the drum results in increase of the blow with \\"hieh the napping rolls strike against the fabric, and an increase in the centrifugal or outward strain on the rolls when the drum runs at working speed.

The inherent spring of the napping rolls, owing to their small diameter, is objectionable, but is an unavoidable evil'in all nap pingdrums, and, of course, increases with the length of the rolls. Therefore, the wider amachine has to be built, the longer will be the napping rolls, and the more readily Wlll they spring in the middle, and the more pronounced will be their outward combined spring under centrifugal strain, which is called the ballooning of the lruni; that is to say, the swelling of its diameter along the middle. when in full motion. This bal looning causes the drum to bear harder against the passing cloth along its middle than at its sides, and results in uneven work,

and it is most objectionable when running two narrow pieces of cloth side by side, because the inner edges of the pieces of cloth are napped more than the outer edges. So much is this the case that it has become necessary after each succeeding run through the machine to change the pieces of cloth Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June as,

Application filed June 3 0, 1914. Serial No. 848,133.

for the newer larger dru1n-machines over the older smaller drum-machines having not been accomplished.

As the result of the objections stated, two

string machines employing long drums, adapted to nap two strings of narrow goods have been supplanted to some extentby single-string machines, which have short drums adapted to work on a: single strip, which drums do not balloon in the middle and therefore do even work, and proportion- .ately more of it, because these single-string machines can be run at a much higher rate of speed, although the output is less than the two-string machines, which can not be driven at the same rate or speed. I

In order to make possible an increase of production over all present-day machines, of which I am aware, running two strings, of narrow goods side by side, and at the time to insure perfectly even work, l have constructed the machine shown in the accompanying drawings and described farther on. It is what I call a inulti-section machine, in which several strings of narrow goods can be run side by side, with the same convenience and safety, and the same in; crease of speed and superlority of work as can be performed at present only on a narrow single-string machine capable of handling simply the string of narrow goods at a l I u its drum into several sections, every one or which is, as regards production, equal to 'a narrow slngle-string machine in all, respects.

The invention consists in the improve,

ments to be more fully described hereinafter,

and the novelty of which will be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed, I have fully and clearly illustrated a ,pre-

llltz ferred embodiment of my invention in the accompanying drawings to be taken as a part of thls specification, and wherein Figure 1 shows a front view of a threesection drum, with a napping roll on top and at the bottom of it, and its bearings resting upon the main frame.

Fig. 2 shows, in cross section, the parts of the drum of Fig. 1 in disassembled relation.

Figs. 3 and at are sections looking in opposite directions on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figs. 5 and 6 show respectively the right and left end sections of the drum. united to the middle section, and their respective bearings, in cross section.

Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view. 7

Fig. 8 is an end view showing one of the drum heads, and the manner of supporting the grease ring of the napping roll journals.

Flg. 9 shows-an end view of the napping roll drive.

Fig. 10 is a view of the napping roll drive with the drum head in cross section.

Fig. 11 is an end view of the drum head with some parts broken away, and,

Figs. 12, 13 and 14 show mere details.

Referring to the drawings by characters of reference- In Figs. 1 and 2 I show a preferred form of drum construction for the napping rolls, in which construction I dispense with a solid drum shaft and in its place employ a sectional shaft, preferably made up of two end sections in the form of tubular castings 1, 1, each being provided at its respective ends with circular heads or flanges 2, for carrying the-bearings for the napping rolls, said heads being preferably cast integral with said tubular castings 1, 1. The inner ends of said tubular castings 1, 1, are connected by connecting member or intermediate shaft section 1, arranged in longitudinal alinement with said members 1, 1, and provided at its ends with flanges 5, preferably cast integral therewith. The ends of the member 4 project a slight distance beyond the flanges 5 and are preferably socketed in sockets 5, in the ends of the members 1, and said flanges 5 are respectively connected to the heads 3, 3, by bolts 5. as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The ends of the napping roll drum, constructed as above described, are provided respectively with hearing spin- (1188 or gudgeons 6, 7, preferably tubular in form and provided respectively with flanges 8, 9, adapted to be connected to the respective drum heads 2, 2, by means of bolts 8", 9*, as shown in Fig. 6. The inner ends of the gudgeons or spindles are preferably provided with extensions 6, 7", adapted to be seated in sockets 6*, 7 formed in the outer ends of the sections 1, so as to provide a rigid structure when the parts are assembled. The heads .3, 3, are respectively provided with openings 11* arranged in alinement with each other, in which openings are slidably disposed truss or tension members 11, 11, having inner threaded ends connected by turn-buckles 12, or other suitable take-up devices. The outer ends of the rods 11 have pivotally connected thereto, as at 10*, the ends of truss rods 10, the op posite ends of which are pivoted as at 10 to cars 14 of hubs or collars 10 fixed upon the outer ends of the tubular sections 1, said hubs or collars being preferably located adjacent the inner faces of the heads2, 2. By operating the turn-buckles 12 to place the members 10 and 11 under tension, the drum structure will be trussed and braced as clearly shown in Fig. 1, resulting in a strong and rigid construction of the napping roll drum. The holes in which the truss members 11 are slidably disposed are clearly shown in Figs. 3 and l, and in dotted 1 11 335. in Fig. 1. Theheads 2, 2 and 3, 3 are provided with openings 15 to receive the bearings for the spindles or gudgeons of the napping rolls.

The napping rolls 16 have journals 18 resting in open bushings 17 (see Fig. fitting in the openings 15 of the heads 2 and 3. Traveling grease rings 19 encompass the journals 18 of the napping rolls, and incidentally keep them from dropping out of their bearings or open bushings 17. To relieve the napping roll journals of the weight of the traveling grease rings 19, the latter are supported from below by an endless belt 20, passing around idler rollers 21, 22, 23, 24., which turn upon fixed studs 21, 22', 23'

and 2-1", of which one 24, is held in a slid-, ing carriage 25, movable vertlcally upon an upright post 26, fastened on top of gird C between two main frames C. From the end of a chain 28', which passes over shear'es 29 and 30, on top of post 26, and the pther end ofwhich is fastened to the slide 25, is suspended a counterpoise 27 which counterbalances the weight of traveling grease ring 19.

To grease the ring 15) surrounding and traveling with the napping roll journals, I pass conduits 31 through the hollow bearings 6 and 7 and interior of tubes 1 of the napping drum, from which conduits branch the bent pipes 32 that reach through the pe ioo riphery of the napping roll heads 2 and 3,

and which have fastened to their ends mouth pieces 33 (see Fig. 7 that widen out and of their widest part through which the grease can escape outward, as soon as a grease pump is attached to the end of bearin; (i or 7. by means of which the lubricant is forced through the conduits 31, 32, against the ring 19.

It requires a great deal more belt-power to control the napping roll speed or napping cnergy of a three-section napping roll have a number of holes drilled in the face than of a napping roll acting only on two strtngsof narrow cloth or on one single string of wide cloth, and I therefore not only increase the width of the face of the napping roll pulleys 16, as well as their diameter correspondingly, but I also increase the contact or lap of the napping roll belts around thesepulleys to an extent never accomplished before, as far as I am aware, so' that, notwithstanding ,the greater vnappingsurface in my three-section machine over any single width or two string Inachine', I yet hold the napping rolls far more securely and positively up to their work the sald semiclrcular depressions or pockets pr eferably made in one piece.

than it has ever been possible to do in any belt controlled napping drum. This I do i in the following manner:

I Into one of the end heads of the napping drum I 'sink or recess a' fiat circular disk 40, preferably secured in place by binder bolts 41,-passing through curved slots 42, in the disk 40, the binder bolts 41 being screwthreaded into the drum-head body. In the drum-head body I form several semicircular spaces or pockets 43, in the center of each of which I drill a hole, into which fits a lug, or projection 45 (see Fig. 12) at the end of:

a pi1n0n wremh 46, with 'a pinion 47 near the; end having the lug 45. The pinion 47 near the end of wrench 46 fits loosely into 43, so itcanrevolve loosely therein, when the wrench lug or projection 45 is inserted into one of the holes 44in the drum-head body. The flat disk has in several places a .few segmental teeth 48 out into its inner rim or circle, which, when the disk is placed into its seat or recess in the drum-head body, will come opposite the semicircular spaces or pockets- 43.

By inserting the pinion-wrench 46 with its lug into any one of the several holes 44 in the drum-head body 2 (see Figs. 10 and 11), with the pinion 47 dropped into any of the corresponding semicircular pockets 43 placed opposite the severalsegmental toothed places '48 of the inner rim 'of the. disk 40, this disk, when the pressure of the bindenbolts 41 is released, may be .turned a little to the right or left, for circular. adjustment, and the (hsk may then be locked in its desired position by' screwing down any one of the several binder-bolts 41. wl'iereupon the wrench may be Withdrawn and the remainil'ig .binder-lmlts screwed down hard to keep the disk in its designated place. a

The disk 40 carries near its outer rim a series of fixed studs 45), upon each of Willlljl revolves,lreely apullcy 50, and pinion B r Upon the napping drum shaft, indicated at :r in Fig. 9, revolves loosely a sleeve y whhgfyhas fa-:- tened'to it about its middle a dr ing-gear 52', and near its outer end a sprocket 52. If

a driving chain be placed upon this sprocket and run from any suitable source, the gear 5:2 will drivethe pinions 51, and at the same time the pulleys 50, at any required; velocity, and an endless belt 54 passed around these and the napping roll pulleys 16, will cause the mrpping-rolls to travel at whatever rate of speed the operator may need, to produce the desired nap. By the arrangement described, the belt 54 laps around the pulleys .50 and 16 for almost vthree quar ters of their circumference, and hence gets a grip on them that is a great many times that of the known ordinary napping-roll belt drives. It gives a greatly increased belt contact and hence a control over the napping roll speed or energy that is practically equal to that of a positively or gcar-(lri\-'en napping drum, but without the accompanying danger and disadvantages of the latter.v

By using the wrench 46 in conjunction with the binderd'iolts 41, the disk 40, carrying the driving pulleys 50, can be eased up f ll! Fig. 8.

a little and turned a trifle to one side and then screwed down in the new position, whenever the endless belt 54 needs taking up. A very small movement of the disk will suflice to take up "quite an amount of slack in this bell. because of the manner in which the belt is looped and the pulleys are.

placed, in relation to the napping-roll pulleys 16. Q i

Fig. 13 shows the ends ol the grease-ring 19 at one of the places where it is joined together by the union-plate 15), viewed from the direction pointed to by the arrows The ends of the ring 18) are spaced apart and are cut obliquely and parallel to each other. as shown at 1!), the outer faces of said ends being cut away back from said oblique ends to form recesses 19*, bounded at their rear portions by shoulders 19"; which extend transversely of the ring preferably atfi'ight angles with the said faces to the ring. 'lhe'union-plate is preferably rectangular inform and is formed with an intermediate projection 19" to n-ojectinto the space between the oblique ends 19"of the ring 19, said projection 15)" having parallel oblique faces 19" to engage and make joint .said pro ection 19" are made to lit the recc' srs 19" to receive fastening screws 1!) to hold the plate in place. It will be seen that the inner oints between the union-plate anQl the ring 19 extend obliquely ot' the circumference of the ring while the outer joints between the ends of the union-plate. and the the shoulders 19" extend at right angles to the circumference of the ring. The object of the'inner diagonal joints is to prevent an objectionable wearing of them, which results where the joints are made at right angles with the ring 19, because the corners of the joints wear down and cause a groove to develop at the joints, which deepens with continued use of the machine and causes the journals of the napping roll to jump and pound, every time they cross the unionplate, at each revolution of the napping drum. This pounding in turn results in fiat placesbeing developed upon theoutside periphery of the journals which, once formed, cause objectionable noise and also result in a choppy nap. Then it becomes necessary to remove the worn journals and replace them at once by new ones, which is an expensive job. The diagonal joint obviates all this trouble.

lVhatI claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A napping roll drum, comprising a plurality of shaft sections arranged end to end, and having end heads and an intermediate head, napping rolls journaled in said heads, and tension truss members connecting said intermediate head with the ends of said shaft sections.

2. A napping roll drum, comprising a plurality of end shaft sections, and an intermediate shaft section arranged end to end, heads on the/ends of said end shaft sections, napping rolls journaled in said heads, and truss rods connecting the outer ends of said end shaft sections and the heads on the inner ends of said end shaft sections.

3. A napping roll drum, comprising a plurality of end shaft sections, and an intermediate shaft section arranged end to end, heads on the ends of said end shaft sections, napping rolls journaled in said heads, truss rods connecting the outer ends of said end shaft sections and the heads on the inner ends of said end shaft sections, and take-up devices connecting the inner ends of said truss rods.

4. A napping roll drum, comprising a plurality of end shaft sections, and an intermediate section arranged end to end, heads on the inner and outer ends of said end shaft sections, the ends of the intermediate sections being socketed in the ends of the end shaft sections, flanges on the ends of the intermediate shaft sections, said fianges being connected to the adjacent heads on the end shaft sections, and napping rolls journaled in said heads.

5. A. napping roll drum, comprising a shaft, heads thereon. having outwardly opening bearings, napping rolls journaled in said bearings, bearing rings surrounding the journals of said rolls, and a belt support for said rings.

6. A napping roll drum, comprising a. shaft, heads thereon having outwardly opening bearings, napping rollsjournal'ed in said boa rings, bearing rings surrounding the journals of said rolls and a trave ling belt "said bearings, bearing rings surrounding the journals of said rolls, an endless belt supporting said ring, and means for holding said belt under yielding tension.

9. A napping roll drum, comprising a shaft, heads thereon having outwardly opening bearings, napping rolls journaled in said bearings, bearing rings surrounding the journalsof said rolls, an endless belt supporting said ring, and a weight holding said belt under yielding tension.

10. A nappingvroll drum, comprising a shaft, heads tl' ereon having outwardly opening bearings, napping .rolls j ournaled in said bearings, bearing rings surrounding the journals of said rolls, an endless belt supporting said ring, a take-up pulley upon which said belt travels, and means for shifting said pulley to take up said belt.

11. A napping roll drum, comprisinga shaft. heads thereon having outwardly opening-bearings, napping rolls journaled in said bearings, bearing rings surrounding the journals of said rolls, an endless belt supporting said ring, a take-up pulley upon which said belt travels, and yielding means restraining said pulley.

"12. A napping roll drum, comprising a head, napping rolls journaled in the head and carrying belt pulleys, a plurality of driving pulleys movable with the head, an endless belt interwoven about the pulleys on the rolls and said driving pulleys, means for driving said driving pulleys, and means for moving said driving pulleys about the axis of rotation of the dgu m and relative-to the head.

13. A napping roll drum, comprising head, napping rolls journaled-in the headi and carrying belt pulleys, a member (30- axial with the 'head and movable on the common axis relative to the head, a plurality of driving pulleys on said member, an endless belt iHtH'WOVGIl about the pulleys on the rolls and said driving pulleys, means for driving said driving pulleys, means whereby said member and head rotate in unison, a bearing on the head for a pinion wrench, and teeth on said member adapted to he engaged by a pinion Wrench.

15. A napping roll drum, comprising a head, napping rolls journaled in the head and carrying belt pulleys, a member coaxial with the head and movable on the common axis relative to the head, a plurality of driving pulleys on said member, an endless belt interwoven about the pulleys on the rolls and said driving pulleys, means for driving said driving pulleys, means whereby said member and head. rotate in unison, a pinion on the head, and teeth on said member adapted to mesh with said pinion.

16. A napping roll drum, comprising a head, napping rolls journaled in the head and carrying belt pulleys, a member coaxial with the head and movable on the common axis relative to the head, means for locking said member to the head, driving pulleys on said member, an endless belt interwoven about said pulleys on the rolls, and said driving pulleys, and means to rotate said member relative to the head.

17. A napping roll drum, comprising a head having an annular recess in. one face, napping rolls journaled in the head and carrying belt pulleys, an annular member coaxial with the head and seated in the recess thereof, and movable on the common axis relative to the head, means for locking said member to the head, driving pulleys on said member, an endless belt interwoven about said pulleys on the rolls andsaid driving pulleys, and means for rotating said member relative to the head.

18. A napping roll drum, comprising a hard having an annular recess in one face, napping rolls journaled on the head and carrying belt pulleys, an annular member coaxial with the head and seated in the re cess thereof and movable on the common axis relative to the head, means for locking said member to the head, driving pulleys on said member, an endless belt interwoven about said pulleys on the rolls and said driving pulleys, said member having teeth adapted to be engaged by a pinion wrench.

19. A napping roll drum, comprising a plurality of end shaft sections and an intermediate shaft section arranged end to end,

heads on the ends of said end shaft sections, napping rolls journaled in said heads, rods slidable through openings in the intermediate heads, truss rods connecting the outer ends of said rods with the outer ends of the end shaft sections, and take-up devices connecting the inner ends of said slidable rods. I

20. A napping roll drum, comprising a shaft, end heads on the shaft, an intermediate head on the shaft, said heads having napping roll bearings, and napping rolls each having end journals turningin the hearings of said end heads, an intermediate journal turning in-abearing on the intermediate head, and a bearing ring surrounding the napping roll journals in the hearings in the intermediate head.

21. A napping roll drum, comprising a shaft, end heads on the shaft, a plurality of intermediate heads on the shaft, continuous napping rolls journaled in said end heads and having intermediate journals journaled in said intermediate heads, and a ring surrounding the napping rOll journals in the intermediate heads.

22. A mapping roll drum, comprising a hollow shaft, end heads and an intermediate head on. the shaft, said heads having open bearings, napping rolls journaled in. said bearings, a grease ring surrounding the journals at each head, a grease conduit extending through the hollow shaft, and having a branch conduit at each head opening against said grease rin 23. In a napping roll drum, a hollow shaft, a head on said shaft having napping roll bearings, napping rolls journaled in said bearings, a grease conduit extending through the hollow shaft, and having a discharge opening in the periphery of said head.

24. A napping roll drum comprising a. shaft, end heads on the shaft, an intermediate head on the shaft. said heads having napping roll bearings, and napping rolls each having journals turning in the bear ings of said end heads and an intermediate bearing turning in a bearing on the inter mediate head, a ring surrounding the napping roll journals in the bearings on the intermediate head, and means for supporting said ring.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two s11b.

scribing wi nesses.

DAVID GESSNER. \Vitnesses:

E. M. LooKwooD, M. E. McNINoIL 

